Pre-emptive versus preventive analgesia for postoperative pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundPostoperative pain is a type of nociceptive that originates from tissue damage due to trauma caused by surgery. Pre-emptive analgesia treatment starts before surgery, prevent or reduce the establishment sensitization dorsal horn neurons injury, sensitized being supposed amplify postoperative pain. consists administering analgesic medication is, reception, transmission, modulation, and nociception aggressive stimulus, aiming hyperalgesia. This review aims compare efficacy pre-emptive preventive in MethodsArticle searching was done on five databases (PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ClinicalKey). Hand-searching also find additional articles. We have only included double-blind, randomized, controlled trials (RCT). A total fifteen articles were all RCT studies comparing with analgesia. The quality evaluated Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tools. Quantitative analysis performed Review Manager 5.4. ResultsFifteen comprising 830 subjects this study. Our revealed significantly improved visual analog scale (VAS)/numeric rating (NRS)/verbal (VRS) 4 hours postoperatively [mean difference (MD) = -0.25, 95% CI: [- 0.49, -0.02]; I2 94%]. Unfortunately, scoring at 6, 12 24 after surgery did not differ between Duration comparable two groups. Time rescue analgesics similar groups, but group associated less consumption than group. ConclusionPre-emptive provided better relief during short term. both lower amounts postoperatively.